Ethena (opens in a new tab) issues USDe, which it describes as a synthetic dollar rather than a fiat-backed stablecoin. Its value is meant to stay near one US dollar, but Ethena's own documentation warns that its risks differ from those of coins like USDC, because the backing consists of crypto assets paired with short futures positions. ENA, the token on this page, is the protocol's governance token, and nothing ties its price to the dollar.
The backing works through hedging. When the reserves hold a volatile asset, such as bitcoin, Ethena opens a short futures or perpetual position of about the same size, so a fall in that asset is roughly cancelled out by a gain on the short. Income comes from the funding payments on those positions, from lending and from tokenised real-world assets. Only approved market makers that pass KYC checks can mint or redeem USDe directly with Ethena; everyone else has to buy or sell it on the market, for example in trading pools.
Europe proved a hard market for USDe. Ethena GmbH in Frankfurt had issued the token under a MiCA transitional rule and applied to BaFin for authorisation in July 2024. BaFin regarded USDe as an asset-referenced token, found serious shortcomings in how the company was organised, and imposed measures on 21 March 2025. Ethena GmbH withdrew its application on 3 April, received a coercive fine of EUR 600,000 the next day and was ordered on 14 April to wind up its USDe business. Holders could redeem with the German company until 6 August 2025, for USDC only; claims after that date go to Ethena (BVI) Limited.
ENA has a separate story. Its total supply stands at 15 billion, and holders elect the Risk Committee that sets limits on USDe's reserves. In our comparison, ENA has a euro market on Kraken, Bitpanda, OKX, Bybit EU and Bitstamp, and it is an ERC-20 token on Ethereum. If you were looking for a dollar stablecoin, our stablecoin overview explains why only USDC and EURC make the cut, and the MiCA-licensed exchanges page covers who may sell you crypto.
ENA gives you a vote, not a share of Ethena's income, and a sharp fall in its euro price can come quickly.
Official website: ethena.fi (opens in a new tab)